Novikov-surf and his “Tsushima”. Nowadays
NOVIKOV-PRIBOY, ALEXEY SILYCH(real surname Novikov, real patronymic Silantievich) (1877–1944), Russian prose writer. Born on March 12 (24), 1877 in the village of Matveevskoye, Spassky district, Tambov province. His father is a peasant and brought his Polish wife back from military service in Warsaw. Novikov-Priboy graduated from parochial school as the first student, began to work on the land early, read a lot, mainly religious literature (the mother wanted her son to become a monk). A chance meeting with a sailor planted a dream of the sea in the boy’s soul (the story is dedicated to this Fate, 1920), which came to fruition in 1899, when a young man called up for military service volunteered to join the navy. He persistently engaged in self-education, in 1900–1903 he attended Sunday school in Kronstadt, where he was inspired by revolutionary ideas. Although his first attempts at writing date back to childhood (story Living Dead, where social-critical, biblical and Tolstoyan motifs are woven), his debut in print took place in 1901 - an article without a signature Start of Sunday school classes. He later recalled: “I was prompted on the literary path by my acquaintance with the biographies of such self-taught writers as M. Gorky, A. Koltsov, Surikov, Reshetnikov and others.” In 1903, he was arrested for revolutionary propaganda (a special report noted that “Al. Novikov... seems to be a noticeably developed person among his comrades and so well-read that in conversations he talks intelligently about Kant’s philosophy”).
During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, during the defeat of the 2nd Pacific Squadron near the island of Tsushima, he was captured, where he recorded not only his personal impressions, but also the stories of sailors from other ships; published notes in the magazine for prisoners of war “Japan and Russia”. In 1906, having arrived in his native village, he continued to engage in literature and revolutionary propaganda; fled from persecution by the authorities to St. Petersburg, where he published essays The death of a squadron battleship« Borodino» May 14, 1905(sailor's story), About the death of the squadron battleship« Oslyabya» and his crew on May 14, 1905(both 1906) and, under the pseudonym. A. Zaterty (former sailor), brochures Madmen and fruitless victims And For other people's sins.(Two essays from the Battle of Tsushima) (both 1907), who accused the highest naval ranks (including royalty) of the Tsushima defeat (Novikov-Priboy also spoke about it in articles Easter celebration, 1909, signed Sailor Kozhukolka; IN embrace of death, 1910, etc., banned by the government and forcing their author to flee to England (this is the story In a dark way, 1922). There the writer worked as a hammer hammer, clerk, sailor, and continued revolutionary agitation. In 1912–1913, at the invitation of Gorky, he lived in Capri; published stories about the degrading conditions of naval service ( Literature, Tainted, both 1912; We were joking, 1913) and sailor's everyday life ( In stock, 1914), about the kindness of sailors ( Gotcha, Present, both 1914), their thirst for knowledge ( The boatswain's story, 1914), about the fate of people crippled by war ( Extra, 1913; Living history, 1914). Most of these works were included in the book. Sea stories(removed from the set in 1914, published in 1917).
In 1913 he returned to Moscow semi-legally, worked as a manager at the Book Publishing House of Writers in Moscow, and in 1915–1918 he and his wife served on the ambulance trains of the Zemstvo Union. During the First World War he wrote stories and essays On watch (1914), Loading wounded (1916), Shaly(1917), etc. In 1918 he was sent to Barnaul to exchange textiles for bread; detained by the “whites,” feigned insanity and was released; after the occupation of the city by the Red Army, he organized the publishing house “Siberian Dawn” and the magazine of the same name, published a romantic story The sea is calling(1919). In the fall of 1923 he visited England and Germany (reflected in the essay “ Communist» on a hike, 1924). He was a member of the writers’ association “Kuznitsa”, was friends with A.S. Neverov, N.N. Lyashko and others.
A number of works by Novikov-Priboi are dedicated to revolutionary processes in the village (stories Centuries-old litigation, 1918; Tooth for tooth, 1922), but marine themes are still at the center of his work (novel Salty font, 1929, based on impressions of sailing on foreign merchant ships; stories Submariners, 1923; Jumble flight, 1925; Woman at sea, 1926; stories, incl. In the bay« Otrada", 1924, filmed under the title. Bay of death, 1926, dir. A.M.Room).
The pinnacle of Novikov-Priboy’s creativity is an epic novel in the genre of strict military historical chronicle Tsushima(Part 1 – Hike; Part 2 – The battle, 1932–1935; 4th ed. 1940; State Prize, 1941), materials for which the writer, according to him, collected approx. 30 years. Vivid scenes of the heroic battle of Russian sailors are impressive against the background of the picture of disorganization of the tsarist fleet, greed and mediocrity of commanders masked by meaningless drill. One of the “record-read” works in the 1930s, this work can be considered both as a harbinger of the wave of military documentary prose that the Second World War gave rise to in domestic (and world) literature, and, more broadly, of that documentary-essay “literature fact" from different areas of the present and past, which in its own way modifies the physiological outline of the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries.
During the Great Patriotic War, Novikov-Priboi wrote essays and articles in the newspaper “Red Fleet”, magazines “Krasnoflotets”, “Red Army Man”, etc.; published an unfinished novel in 1942–1944 Captain 1st rank(play of the same name, staged in 1958; filmed in 1959), marked by some plot contrivance, but, as always with Novikov-Priboy, imbued with the spirit of maritime camaraderie, democracy and neo-Enlightenment faith in the original goodness of human nature.
The writer was a member of the editorial board of the Znamya magazine, and on his initiative the House of Writers' Creativity was created in Maleevka near Moscow.
Lua error in Module:CategoryForProfession on line 52: attempt to index field "wikibase" (a nil value).Alexey Silych (Silantievich) Novikov-Priboy(real name Novikov; March 12, p. Matveevskoye, Tambov province - April 29, Moscow) - Russian Soviet writer and marine painter. Laureate of the Stalin Prize, second degree ().
Biography
At the age of 22 he was drafted into the army. From to 1906 - sailor of the Baltic Fleet. In 1903 he was arrested for revolutionary propaganda. As "unreliable" he was transferred to the 2nd Pacific Squadron on the battleship "Eagle". He took part in the Battle of Tsushima and was captured by the Japanese.
While in captivity, Novikov had the idea to describe his experience. He began collecting material. In the camp where he ended up, there were teams from almost all ships, and the sailors willingly shared their memories. Returning from captivity to his native village in 1906, Novikov wrote two essays about the Battle of Tsushima: “Madmen and Fruitless Victims” and “For the Sins of Others,” published under the pseudonym A. Zaterty. The brochures were immediately banned by the government, and in 1907 Novikov was forced to go underground, as he was threatened with arrest. He fled first to Finland and then to England.
During the years of emigration from 1907 to 1913, he visited France, Spain, North Africa, and sailed as a sailor on merchant ships.
In the spring of 1918, Novikov was appointed head of the train sent to Barnaul to exchange textiles for bread for the Moscow Food Plant. In June of the same year, he was again sent to Barnaul with a group of writers and artists for cultural and educational work. He lived in Barnaul until 1920, took part in literary life, including the literary association "Aguliprok".
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The grave of A. S. Novikov-Priboy at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow
Literary activity
The mentor and teacher of A. S. Novikov-Priboi in literature was Maxim Gorky. In 1911, A. S. Novikov wrote one of the first major stories, “In the Dark,” in which, using facts from his biography, he described the 1905 revolution. Gorky approved of the story and helped publish it in 1912 in the Sovremennik magazine. Later Novikov will say:
At the end of the 1920s, the writer began work on his main book, the historical epic Tsushima. Having gained access to archival documents, he studied extensive historical sources. In 1932, the first edition of Tsushima was published.
He also wrote stories and stories “Submariners” (), “Woman at Sea” (), “Salt Bath”, etc. During the Great Patriotic War, he wrote articles and essays about sailors in the newspaper “Red Fleet”, magazines “Red Fleet” , “Red Armyman”, etc. In -1944 he published the novel “Captain of the 1st Rank” (not completed). The works have been translated into foreign languages and filmed.
The first part of “Tsushima” truthfully shows the daily service on the ship, the second part is a kind of mixture of the author’s own observations with a compilation of messages from other participants in the battle and various materials. Recent research (Westwood) has shown that as a result of more and more new additions, changes were made to subsequent editions - for example, in the image of the royal fleet, and many details do not agree with historical documents and with Novikov-Priboy’s own texts of 1906-1907. Despite the fact that, linguistically, Novikov-Priboi’s maritime prose is quite unpretentious, it makes for fascinating reading and has been reprinted several times. Kazak V.: Lexicon of Russian literature of the 20th century.
Bibliography
- "Mad Men and Fruitless Victims" (1906)
- "For Others' Sins" (1906)
- "Sea Tales" (1917)
- "For bread"
- "Singers"
- "Under the Southern Sky"
- "Two souls"
- "The sea is calling"
- "Destiny" (autobiography)
- "In the country"
- "Submariners" (1923)
- "Jumble Flight" (1925)
- "Woman at Sea" (1926)
- "Salty Font" (1933)
- "Tsushima" (1932-1935)
- "In the Dark" (1922)
- "Captain 1st rank" (not finished)
- "On the Distant Shores"
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Notes
see also
- Newspaper Japan and Russia - a weekly newspaper published in 1905-1906. in Japan for Russian-speaking prisoners of war of the Russo-Japanese War.
- Communist (ship 1891–1942) - the ship on which Novikov-Priboi A.S. worked. and about which he also wrote the story “A Communist on a Campaign.”
Literature
- Anisarova L. Novikov-Priboy. "ZhZL". - M. - Young Guard, 2012.
- Spivak N. To the author of “Tsushima” // Philately of the USSR. - 1977. - No. 3. - P. 7.
Links
- // militera.lib.ru
- Novikov-Priboy Alexey Silych- article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
- Gorovoy L.// According to Yaroslavka. - 2002. - April 19. (link does not work)
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An excerpt characterizing Novikov-Priboy, Alexey Silych
Walking slowly along the deserted embankment, I inhaled such familiar, warm and soft, salty air, unable to hold back the happy and sad tears flowing down my cheeks at the same time... This was my home!.. My truly native and beloved city. Venice has always remained MY city!.. I loved its rich beauty, its high culture... Its bridges and gondolas... And even just its unusualness, making it the only city of its kind ever built on Earth.The evening was very pleasant and quiet. Gentle waves, quietly whispering something, lazily splashed against the stone portals... And smoothly rocking the elegant gondolas, they ran back into the sea, taking with them the crumbling rose petals, which, floating further, became like scarlet drops of blood, by someone generously splashed across the mirror water.
Suddenly, a very familiar voice pulled me out of my sad-happy dreams:
- It can not be!!! Isidora?! Is it really you?!..
Our good old friend, Francesco Rinaldi, stood looking at me in shock, as if a familiar ghost had suddenly appeared right in front of him... Apparently not daring to believe that it was really me.
- My God, where are you from?! We thought you died a long time ago! How did you manage to escape? Have you really been released?!..
“No, they didn’t let me go, my dear Francesco,” I answered sadly, shaking my head. – And, unfortunately, I did not manage to escape... I just came to say goodbye...
- But how can that be? You're here right? And completely free? Where is my friend?! Where is Girolamo? I haven’t seen him for so long and I missed him so much!..
- Girolamo is no more, dear Francesco... Just as his father is no more...
Was the reason that Francesco was a friend from our happy “past”, or was I just wildly tired of endless loneliness, but, telling him about the horror that the Pope had done to us, I suddenly felt inhumanly pain... And then I finally burst through!.. Tears poured out like a waterfall of bitterness, sweeping away embarrassment and pride, and leaving only the thirst for protection and the pain of loss... Hiding on his warm chest, I sobbed like a lost child looking for friendly support...
– Calm down, my dear friend... Well, what are you talking about! Please calm down...
Francesco stroked my tired head, as my father had done long ago, wanting to calm me down. The pain burned, again mercilessly throwing me into the past, which could not be returned, and which no longer existed, since there were no longer people on Earth who created this wonderful past...
– My home has always been your home, Isidora. You need to hide somewhere! Let's come to us! We'll do everything we can. Please come to us!.. You will be safe with us!
They were wonderful people - his family... And I knew that if only I agreed, they would do everything to shelter me. Even if they themselves are in danger for it. And for a short moment I suddenly wanted to stay so wildly!.. But I knew perfectly well that this would not happen, that I would leave right now... And in order not to give myself vain hopes, I immediately said sadly:
– Anna remained in the clutches of the “holy” Pope... I think you understand what this means. And now I have her alone... Sorry, Francesco.
And remembering something else, she asked:
– Can you tell me, my friend, what is happening in the city? What happened to the holiday? Or has our Venice, like everything else, also become different?..
– The Inquisition, Isidora... Damn it! It's all the Inquisition...
– ?!..
- Yes, dear friend, she even got here... And the worst thing is, many people fell for it. Apparently, the evil and insignificant need the same “evil and insignificant” so that everything that they have hidden for many years will be revealed. The Inquisition has become a terrible instrument of human revenge, envy, lies, greed and malice!.. You can’t even imagine, my friend, how low seemingly the most normal people can fall!.. Brothers slander unwanted brothers... children slander their aged fathers, wanting to get rid of them as quickly as possible... envious neighbors against neighbors... This is terrible! No one is protected today from the coming of the “holy fathers”... It’s so scary, Isidora! All you have to do is say to someone that he is a heretic, and you will never see that person again. True madness... which reveals the lowest and worst in people... How to live with this, Isidora?
Francesco stood hunched over, as if the heaviest burden was pressing on him like a mountain, not allowing him to straighten up. I knew him for a very long time, and I knew how difficult it was to break this honest, brave man. But the life of that time crushed him, turning him into a confused man who did not understand such human meanness and baseness, into a disappointed, aging Francesco... And now, looking at my good old friend, I realized that I was right in deciding to forget my personal life , giving it for the death of the “holy” monster, who trampled on the lives of other, good and pure people. It was only unspeakably bitter that there were low and vile “people” who rejoiced (!!!) at the arrival of the Inquisition. And the pain of others did not touch their callous hearts, rather, on the contrary - they themselves, without a twinge of conscience, used the clutches of the Inquisition to destroy innocent, good people! How far our Earth was from that happy day when Man will be pure and proud!.. When his heart will not succumb to meanness and evil... When Light, Sincerity and Love will live on Earth. Yes, the North was right - the Earth was still too evil, stupid and imperfect. But I believed with all my soul that someday she would become wise and very kind... only many more years would pass for this. In the meantime, those who loved her had to fight for her. Forgetting yourself, your family... And not sparing your only earthly Life, which is very dear to everyone. Having forgotten myself, I didn’t even notice that Francesco was watching me very carefully, as if he wanted to see if he could persuade me to stay. But the deep sadness in his sad gray eyes told me - he understood... And hugging him tightly for the last time, I began to say goodbye...
“We will always remember you, honey.” And we will always miss you. And Girolamo... And your good father. They were wonderful, pure people. And I hope that another life will be safer and kinder for them. Take care of yourself, Isidora... No matter how funny it may sound. Try to get away from him if you can. Together with Anna...
Giving him a final nod, I quickly walked along the embankment so as not to show how painfully this farewell hurt me, and how brutally my wounded soul ached...
Sitting on the parapet, I plunged into sad thoughts... The world around me was completely different - it did not contain that joyful, open happiness that illuminated our entire past life. Didn’t people really understand that they themselves were destroying our wonderful planet with their own hands, filling it with the poison of envy, hatred and anger?.. That by betraying others, they plunged their immortal soul into “black”, leaving it no way to salvation!.. The Magi were right when they said that the Earth was not ready... But this did not mean that there was no need to fight for it! That it was necessary to just sit with folded hands and wait until she herself someday “grows up”! showing the way, and hoping that for some reason she herself will be lucky enough to survive?!..
Without noticing at all how much time had passed in thought, I was very surprised to see that it was getting dark outside. It was time to return. My long-time dream of seeing Venice and my home didn’t seem so right now... It no longer brought happiness, rather the opposite - seeing my hometown so “different”, I felt in my soul only the bitterness of disappointment, and nothing more. Taking another look at such a familiar and once beloved landscape, I closed my eyes and “left”, knowing full well that I would never see all this again...
Caraffa was sitting by the window in “my” room, completely lost in some of his gloomy thoughts, hearing nothing and not noticing anything around... I so unexpectedly appeared right before his “sacred” gaze that Dad shuddered sharply, but then collected himself and surprisingly calmly asked:
- Well, where were you walking, Madonna?
His voice and gaze expressed a strange indifference, as if Dad no longer cared what I did or where I went. This immediately alerted me. I knew Karaffa quite well (I think no one knew him completely) and such a strange calmness of his, in my opinion, did not bode well.
“I went to Venice, Your Holiness, to say goodbye...” I answered just as calmly.
– And did this give you pleasure?
- No, Your Holiness. She is no longer the same as she was... as I remember.
– You see, Isidora, even cities change in such a short time, not only people... And states, probably, if you look closely. But how can I not change?..
He was in a very strange, uncharacteristic mood, so I tried to answer very carefully, so as not to accidentally touch some “prickly” corner and not fall under the threat of his holy wrath, which could destroy a stronger person than I was at that time. time i.
“Didn’t I remember you saying, Holiness, that now you will live a very long time?” Has anything changed since then?.. – I asked quietly.
- Oh, it was just a hope, my dear Isidora!.. A stupid, empty hope that dissipated as easily as smoke...
I patiently waited for him to continue, but Caraffa remained silent, again immersed in some gloomy thoughts.
- Excuse me, Your Holiness, do you know what happened to Anna? Why did she leave the monastery? – almost not hoping for an answer, I still asked.
Caraffa nodded.
- She's coming here.
- But why?!. – my soul froze, feeling bad.
“She’s coming to save you,” Caraffa said calmly.
– ?!!..
“I need her here, Isidora.” But in order for her to be released from Meteora, her desire was needed. So I helped her “decide.”
– Why did you need Anna, Your Holiness?! You wanted her to study there, didn't you? Why then was it necessary to take her to Meteora at all?..
I want to dwell on the personality of a prominent marine painter Alexey Silych Novikov-Priboy. The author of the famous epic novel “Tsushima” lived a colorful life, both on land and at sea. A follower of the literary traditions of Maxim Gorky, Novikov-Priboy is considered the most prominent representative of maritime themes in Soviet literature. The writer is buried in Novodevichy Cemetery V Moscow.
The article provides material about Alexey Novikov-Priboy and his work: an article from the “Literary Encyclopedia” (1934), materials published in March 1977 in the “Literary Gazette” (on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the writer’s birth), and information about grave. * * *
Novikov-Priboy Alexey Silych(b. 1877) – proletarian writer. Born in the village of Matveevskoye, Tambov province, into a peasant family. He received his primary education at a rural parish school and supplemented it by reading various books. At the age of 22, Novikov-Priboy joined the Baltic Fleet as a sailor. Sunday school, connections with underground circles, illegal literature and the “House of Pretrial Detention” were his “universities.” Participation in the Tsushima campaign of the 2nd squadron finally shaped his political views. After being captured by the Japanese, Novikov-Priboy from 1907 to 1913 wandered around Europe and North Africa as a political emigrant, sailing in England on commercial ships. Bibliography: I. Collection. Sochin. ed. "ZiF", M., 1927-1929 [vol. I - Sea stories, vol. II - The sea is calling, vol. III - Potholes, vol. IV - A woman in the sea, vol. V - Two souls, vol. VI - Salty font (went through several editions)]; Escape, GIHL, M., 1931, and “Moscow Writers' Association”, M., 1932; Tsushima, ed. "Federation", M., 1932 (several editions). II. Kubikov A., Literary essays, M., 1929; Voronsky A., Literary portraits, vol. II, M., 1929; Novikov-Priboy A. S., Critical series, ed. “Nikitin Subbotniks”, Moscow, 1930; Yakubovsky G., Writers of the “Forge”, Moscow, 1930; Krasilnikov V., For and against, M., 1930; Abramkin V., Censorship history of Tsushima, Volley, 1933, VI [based on the case file of the Main Directorate for Press Affairs on the seizure and destruction of the brochure “Madmen and Fruitless Victims” by A. Zaterty (former sailor), ed. in 1907 and represented the first draft of the novel "Tsushima"]. I S. Ginzburg
Published by: ADMIRAL OF "MARINE" LITERATURE To the 100th anniversary of the birth of A. S. Novikov-Priboy
Vsevolod Vishnevsky called A. S. Novikov-Priboi “the admiral of “maritime” literature.” A. S. Novikov-Priboy What and how did the sailors read? The essay was intended for the second, expanded and updated edition of N. A. Rubakin’s book “Sketches on the Russian Reading Public,” which, as we know, never took place. Some of the essay’s denials echo the writer’s “Sea Stories.” * * *
During the trip to the Far East, I was on the squadron battleship "Eagle". Of the 160 rubles allocated by the treasury for the purchase of books for the crew of this ship, only a little over forty rubles were used in the business, or rather, only the invoice was shown for such an amount, the rest of the money was stuck somewhere. This alone sufficiently shows how the leaders cared about the education of the people entrusted to them. It is clear that getting anything useful from such a library would be a vain dream. Apart from several popular science books by different authors that were part of it, it was filled with useless primers and fairy tales. True, its fiction section was decorated with some completely innocent stories by L. Tolstoy (ed. “Mediator”), but, unfortunately, they caught the eye of the priest, Fr. Paisius, who, seeing in them, as he put it, “the teaching of the Antichrist,” begged the commander to throw them overboard, which was done...
Publication Margarita Smirnova.
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Note author. This was before the battle, when the regime had become much weaker and when it would have been too risky to brutally deal with the sailors. RADIO OPERATOR RECEIVES "TSUSHIMA"
It so happened that I had the opportunity to witness the last years of Alexei Silych’s life. In his house, at the Tarasovskaya station near Moscow, I spent my boyhood and youth years. A. Shestakovsky
Materials “Admiral of “Naval” Literature” and “Radio Operator Receives Tsushima”, by A. S. Novikov-Priboi “What and how did the sailors read?” published by: GRAVE:
Writer Alexey Silych Novikov-Priboy died on April 29, 1944 in Moscow. Izyaslav Tveretsky
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In 1906-1907, Novikov-Priboi published two small books (“For the Sins of Others” and “Mad Men and Fruitless Sacrifice”) about Tsushima under the pseudonym “Sailor A. Zaterty.” Both books were immediately confiscated. In 1914, Novikov-Priboy prepared his first significant book, “Sea Stories,” but due to censorship bans, it was published only in 1917. After the October Revolution, Novikov-Priboi had the opportunity to engage in literary activities. He joined the group of proletarian writers “Forge” and became one of the most popular Soviet writers.
Novikov-Priboi introduced his own theme into literature. The sea, a ship, barracks, a prison camp, or, less often, a village - these are the objects that were particularly clearly affected by the action of the cruel bureaucratic machine of the autocracy. But Novikov-Priboy does not have pessimism even in pre-revolutionary stories. Along with Petka the “spoiled” (the story “Spoiled”), the barracks raised, as the writer showed, the revolutionary Zobov (“Submariners”), Smirnov (“Potholes”) and many others who were preparing the death of the order that oppressed them. Novikov-Priboy, with skill and knowledge of life, reveals the reasons that turn ordinary sailors into revolutionaries who know how to fight. A physically and morally healthy average sailor, who does all the work assigned to him without much strain, is cheerful and has an acute hatred of the wardroom, freed from loyal illusions under the influence of ship life and his comrades - this is the main character of his works. Novikov-Priboy shows the ship, the operation of all its mechanisms, the life of the sailor's quarters, the relationship with the authorities, taking into account the details, in detail. But activity for Novikov-Priboy is not an end in itself. It, giving vitality to what is depicted, allows us to more clearly create an overall picture of the doomed, rotten royal fleet built on the basis of class oppression, veneration of rank, external orderliness and drill.
The writer’s realistic, socially rich themes are complemented by the theme of love and family relationships. It is interpreted mainly in romantic terms. A meeting with a woman is always sudden, accidental, almost fatal; the woman herself is bright and colorful; The atmosphere of the meeting is full of fun and vivacity, but all this is presented in embellished tones.
The gradual growth of the revolutionary consciousness of the sailor of the tsarist fleet is shown, the stratification among the members of the wardroom, Novikov-Priboy in such works as “Bumps”, “In the Bay”, “Detachment” depicts a revolutionary explosion. The revolution is shown by Novikov-Priboy not only at sea, but also in the forests and hills of the Far Eastern region. The partisans are the main characters in his stories about the revolution; Novikov-Priboi contrasts them with the organized military of the tsarist army. Most of Novikov-Priboi’s stories and long stories are of a memoir nature. Novikov-Priboi unnecessarily clutters his works with tragic situations and contrived conflicts. The combination of heightened emotionality of the narrative with the saturation of the work with specific pictures of life runs through the entire work of Novikov-Priboy. The landscape, bright and colorful, always appears as a contrast to the painful, killing regime of sailor life. The highest level of Novikov-Priboy’s creativity is “Tsushima,” which is deservedly included in the active literature of socialist realism. The events of the past - the campaign of the 2nd Pacific squadron and the battle near Tsushima - are subjected to proletarian analysis. Revealing the social roots of the disorganization that reigned under the cover of meaningless, purely external discipline prepares readers for the conclusion that the death of the entire squadron is inevitable. Clear characteristics of individual commanders, admirals, officers, showing the daily life of sailors, colorful landscapes of the sea and the tropics, a number of personal, intimate memories increase the value of the work with specific artistic details. In “Tsushima,” Novikov-Priboi adheres to the chronological sequence of events and reports a number of interesting historical documents. At the same time, Novikov-Priboy’s language is sometimes simplified in showing the versatility of facts and phenomena, which reduces the power of reverse imagination. This deficiency is reflected in such a bright and exciting work as “Tsushima”.
III. Anthology of peasant literature of the post-October era, GIHL, M., 1931.
Coming from the lower peasantry, a Baltic sailor, a participant in the tragic Battle of Tsushima, Novikov-Priboy at the very beginning of his literary career experienced not only the creative influence, but also the full support of A. M. Gorky. The writer enriched the traditions of Russian seascape prose with the depiction of class contradictions and revolutionary struggle in the navy.
The pinnacle of Novikov-Priboy’s creativity was the military-historical and historical-revolutionary and historical-revolutionary novel “Tsushima”. The author interprets the military catastrophe as a menacing harbinger of the death of the autocracy.
The nationality of Novikov-Priboy’s gift,” noted K. A. Fedin, “is what made him a storyteller, a unique writer, and that is why the song that this extraordinary man sang with his extraordinary life cannot fade in our memory.”
Today we are publishing memories of Novikov-Priboi by the former polar explorer, now journalist A. Shestakovsky and an excerpt from the writer’s unpublished essay “What and how the sailors read.”
It is surprising that the love of reading did not leave the sailors even when they were going to the Far East, from where, as they were sure in advance, many would not be destined to return home. The awakened thought did not stop working. The need for spiritual food was felt great. For many, the awareness of the possibility of imminent death was a powerful impulse for more intense activities. They wanted to read, learn, and change their minds as much as possible in the short time of the hike. But, unfortunately, obtaining books was associated with great difficulties and inconveniences...
So, we were not given even the little that was due to us. What was to be done? There was absolutely no place to appeal to such blatant injustice.
Meanwhile, the indignant soul of the sailor could no longer come to terms with such impudence. We decided that the best thing would be if everything went ahead. Soon the large cabinets with the officer’s library were smashed and almost all the good books were taken from them, leaving only the supplements to the newspaper “Svet”...
Although our officers hardly read at all, since they spent most of their free time from official duties in carousing, sometimes drinking to the point of insanity, nevertheless, they were terribly irritated by this act of the lower ranks. But what could be done about it? Put everyone on trial? Who would they go to war with then? The only remedy remaining at their disposal was that they tried to “burden” the sailors with various, often completely meaningless, jobs. In such cases, it was especially hard on those who were caught reading. *
To avoid such persecution, when it was necessary to read something, it was necessary to hide in various compartments located at the bottom of the ship, where, due to their pampering, the officers entered only on rare occasions. The most convenient places for this purpose were considered to be: the central post, stern and bow cockpits and bomb magazines. Several people could gather here. Most often they read aloud and immediately had conversations about what they had read, sometimes leading to heated debates...
Every time I visit Tarasovka, I first go around the garden. Here, it would happen, he would open the gate, take a few steps to the steep bank and look for a long time in thought at the calm Klyazma, at the large meadow on the other bank, supporting the houses of the village of Zvyagino scattered in the distance on the slope. He loved this rural landscape, which apparently awakened in him memories of distant childhood...
And here, near the fence, in October of the terrible forty-first, we boys helped Alexei Silych dig a hole in which his archive was temporarily hidden. In the distance, the cannonade of the battle for the capital thundered, anti-aircraft guns roared, and fascist bombers were visible in the night sky in the beams of searchlights, trying to break through to Moscow.
From the garden I go into the house and usually go straight up to the second floor. Irina Alekseevna, the writer’s daughter, is coming with me. Here, in his study, she collected everything related to the memory of her father. We slowly walk along walls covered with photographs and display cases with so familiar objects. I always feel guilty here. My fault is that there is not one exhibit here that could be.
In the early 50s I had the opportunity to spend the winter for three years as a radio operator in Severnaya Zemlya. The only place north of us was wintering on Rudolf Island. And then one day here, not far from the North Pole, I had an amazing meeting with... Novikov-Priboy! Of course, not with himself, but with a bright and unique manifestation of love for his work.
On one of the spring days, a cleanup was announced at the station: we were removing the garbage that had accumulated near the house during the long polar night, putting the weather site, footpole, and antenna facilities in order. I was tasked with clearing out the excess junk from the attic.
And so, while going through piles of old service radiograms tied with rope, I came across a voluminous pack with the inscription that intrigued me: “Fight.” I sat down and slowly untied the string. On his knees, sheets of radiograms, dry from time, finely scribbled in pencil, were scattered like a fan. I took one of them and began to read. And then he gasped in surprise. Well, of course, this is the text of the second book of Tsushima! From the first word to the last point.
Grabbing a few sheets of paper, I went down the stairs and hurried to the radio room. The senior radio operator looked at the forms for a long time in surprise and just sighed: “And it’s necessary!” Then he confidently concluded: “The text has undoubtedly been accepted from the airwaves. Probably, the radio operator had a friend-colleague at one of the coastal stations who transmitted all this ... "
There was little left to think about. Most likely, this rare radio broadcast was conducted in 1935 or 1936 after the second book of Tsushima, “Combat,” was first published. Apparently, during one of the communication sessions, our predecessor, the radio operator, learned from a friend that the second book of “Tsushima” had arrived from the mainland from the mainland for his winter quarters, perhaps by airdrop, or even by mail delivered by dog sled. It was then that he persuaded his friend to broadcast the text over the air. After all, this book could have reached our island, at best, during navigation only a year later.
It is possible that by agreement between the radio operators (and these are friendly people), the transmission was received simultaneously at other wintering sites.
When I imagined all this, I involuntarily regretted that Alexey Silych would never know about it. He, of course, felt that the books he created were popular and loved by the people, because even during his lifetime, Tsushima alone went through dozens of editions! And yet such a bright, direct expression of interest in what he wrote could not but excite him.
I carefully wrapped that book of radiograms in parchment paper, intending to take it with me to the mainland for the museum in Tarasovka. But fate decided otherwise. Among the things that I was forced to leave at the winter quarters during my emergency departure, unfortunately, there was a suitcase with a pile of those radiograms...
But let’s go back a few years ago to the dacha in Tarasovka, where Alexey Silych wrote many pages of “Tsushima” and the novel “Captain of the 1st Rank.”
On the second floor, in the back of the oblong room, under the window overlooking the garden, there was a desk. He is still in the same place. On the sides are shelves with books that the writer used in his daily work.
Here are volumes of Lenin’s works and Pavlenkov’s Encyclopedic Dictionary, Turgenev’s “Notes of a Hunter” and a volume of Baratynsky’s poems, his beloved Chekhov, a directory of sailing directions for the Pacific seas, a guide to caring for fruit trees...
“All smart thoughts are born at dawn,” Alexey Silych said more than once with conviction. Therefore, on summer days I always got up with the first rays of the sun. After working for a while, he went down to the garden. Here every currant bush, every apple and cherry tree was planted with his hands.
At breakfast he captivated everyone with some entertaining story. It was a story from his childhood, or pages of his sailor wanderings, and most often a fascinating story about the simplest subjects.
When everyone went about their business, Alexey Silych went up to the office. In those difficult years, when the country's forces were mobilized to defeat the enemy, the writer devoted all his talent to the great cause of victory. Along with continuing work on the novel “Captain of the 1st Rank,” he appears with a number of patriotic articles. So already on the sixth day of the war, June 27, 1941, his article “The Will to Victory” appeared in Pravda.
After lunch, he goes back to his office and works there until the heat of the day sets in. By evening, Alexey Silych could be seen with a shovel in the garden. When it got completely dark, he regretfully left the garden and spent the remaining time before dinner reading books.
At dinner, he often shared his impressions of what he had read. So, I remember one day Alexey Silych came to the table unusually animated, and from his laughing eyes we realized that we were about to hear something funny. And indeed, with unique facial expressions, he began to imitate Chekhov’s story “The Intruder” that he had just re-read.
One day in September forty-one, a sailor unexpectedly arrived at the dacha. His head was bandaged, his left hand was in a cast. He brought his first story, written in the hospital after being wounded, to the writer for trial.
And now the thin student notebook has been read. Alexey Silych advises what and how best to correct it, and pushes the notebook aside. Then, lost in thought, he looks into the guy’s face with narrowed eyes.
- Remember: a person with the most mediocre abilities in any field of activity can achieve success if he stubbornly “plows” in one direction... You won’t make Leo Tolstoy... But Novikov-Priboy can work out if you work hard...
These words were not an act. He was modest and really knew how to work without sparing himself. Each of his lines was the result of enormous labor.
Buried on Novodevichy Cemetery in the city Moscow. Grave on second section, row 31, place 24. The sculptor of the tombstone on the grave is E. Bazhenova.
Buried with him were:
May 2011.
“The sea was his rose-colored childhood dream.
The sea was his hard sailor's lot.
The sea was his harsh military exploit.
The sea became his inspiration – and forever! - the vocation of a writer."
Writer S.V. Sartakov about A.S. Novikov-Priboy
NOVIKOV-PRIBOY, ALEXEY SILYCH (real surname Novikov, real patronymic Silantievich) (1877–1944), Russian prose writer.
Born March 12 (24), 1877 in the village. Matveevskoye, Spassky district, Tambov province (currently Ryazan region).
His father, a peasant, later a non-commissioned officer, brought his Polish wife from military service in Warsaw. Novikov-Priboy graduated from parochial school as the first student, began to work on the land early, read a lot, mainly religious literature (his mother, a pupil of a Catholic monastery in Warsaw, wanted her son to become a monk).
A chance meeting with a sailor planted a dream about the sea in the boy’s soul (the story “Fate”, 1920 is dedicated to this), which came true in 1899, when the young man, called up for military service, volunteered to join the navy (service in the Navy - 7 years, was more than in the army). He served in the Baltic Fleet as a sailor in the 16th naval crew (later transferred to the 7th naval crew on the battleship "Eagle"). Later, after successfully passing the exams, he became first the second, and from 1901, the first article on the cruiser "Minin" of the Artillery Training Detachment.
In 1900 Novikov arrived in Kronstadt. He persistently engaged in self-education, in 1900–1903 he attended Sunday school in Kronstadt, where he was inspired by revolutionary ideas. Although his first attempts at writing date back to childhood (the story “The Living Dead,” where social-critical, biblical and Tolstoyan motifs are woven), his debut in print took place in 1901 - an article without a signature “Starting classes at Sunday school.” He later recalled: “I was prompted on the literary path by my acquaintance with the biographies of such self-taught writers as M. Gorky, A. Koltsov, Surikov, Reshetnikov and others.” In 1903, he was arrested for revolutionary propaganda (a special report noted that “Al. Novikov... seems to be a noticeably developed person among his comrades and so well-read that in conversations he talks intelligently about Kant’s philosophy”).
There in Kronstadt, Alexey Novikov was involved by a school teacher - a student at St. Petersburg University I.E. Gerasimov to an underground Social Democratic circle that distributed literature against tsarism. In 1903, among others, he was arrested, but released due to lack of evidence. As an “unreliable sailor”, at the suggestion of Rear Admiral, Chief of Staff of the Kronstadt port A.G. Niedermiller, he was transferred (from the 7th naval crew) to the battleship “Eagle”, which was sent as part of the 2nd squadron to the Pacific Ocean, where the war was going on with Japan. The grueling voyage across 3 oceans lasted 7 months.
During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, during the defeat of the 2nd Pacific Squadron near the island of Tsushima in the battle (May 27-28, 1905), he was captured and survived almost 9 months of Japanese captivity.
While in captivity, he wrote down not only his personal impressions, but also the stories of sailors from other ships; published notes in the magazine for prisoners of war “Japan and Russia”.
In 1906, having arrived in his native village, he continued to engage in literature and revolutionary propaganda; from persecution by the authorities he fled to St. Petersburg, where he published essays “The death of the squadron battleship “Borodino” on May 14, 1905 (a sailor’s story)”, “On the death of the squadron battleship “Oslyabya” and its crew on May 14, 1905 (both 1906).” Novikov-Priboy also spoke about the death of the battleship “Oslyabya” in the articles “Meeting Easter” (1909), signed by Sailor Kozhukolka and “In the Embrace of Death” (1910), etc.
In 1906-1907, Novikov-Priboi published two small books (“For the Sins of Others” and “Mad Men and Fruitless Victims”) about the Battle of Tsushima under the pseudonym “Sailor A. Zaterty.” Both books were immediately confiscated, since the highest naval ranks (including royalty) were blamed for the Tsushima defeat.
In 1912–1913, at the invitation of Gorky, he lived in Capri; published stories about the degrading conditions of naval service (“Literature”, “Spoiled”, both 1912; “They joked”, 1913) and sailor everyday life (“In reserve”, 1914), about the kindness of sailors (“Gotcha”, “Gift”, both 1914), their thirst for knowledge (“The Boatswain’s Story,” 1914), about the fate of people crippled by the war (“Lishny,” 1913; “Living History,” 1914). Most of these works are included in the book. “Sea Stories” (the book was withdrawn from the set in 1914, published in 1917).
In 1913, Alexey Novikov returned to Moscow semi-legally and worked as the head of the economy at the Book Publishing House of Writers in Moscow.
During the First World War, with the help of E.P. Peshkova (wife of M. Gorky) A.S. Novikov got a job as a manager of a household on one of the sanitary trains of the Zemstvo Union and stayed there for 3 years with his wife, who worked as a nurse, and his son Anatoly.
During the First World War, he published stories and essays “On the Watch” (1914), “Loading the Wounded” (1916), “Shaly” (1917), etc. In March 1918, he, as having experience working as a business executive on ambulance trains , offered the People's Commissariat for Food his assistance in supplying starving Moscow with food. A. Novikov headed the train with a load of textiles for exchange and headed to Barnaul. There he was able (thanks to a platoon of Red Army soldiers with a machine gun assigned to Vyatka) to return to the capital with grain. A similar train, where his wife was, started a little later, got stuck in Barnaul after the city was captured by parts of the Czechoslovak Corps.
Returning to Barnaul (a group of writers was sent by the People's Commissar of Education A.V. Lunacharsky) to rescue his wife, A.S. Novikov ends up in a city captured by Kolchak. He miraculously escaped execution and was forcibly assigned as a clerk to a railway battalion, where he stayed for 2 months, until the battalion surrendered to the advancing Red Army.
This period was fruitful: A.S. Novikov managed to create a cooperative publishing house “Siberian Dawn” in the city and begin publishing a magazine of the same name, in Chita he created the publishing house “Utes”, and in 1919 he was able to write and publish in Barnaul a collection of stories “Two Souls” and a lyrical story with the famous phrase “ The sea is calling."
In 1923-27 Novikov-Priboi made several voyages on the transport ship "Kommunist" (formerly English "Regimen"), visited England and Germany (reflected in the essay "Communist" on a campaign", 1924) and on the transport ship "Kamo". The results of the voyages were the stories “Woman at Sea”, “Jumble Voyage”, “Communist” on a Campaign”, as well as the novel “Salty Font”, which, according to academician S.N. Sergeev-Tsensky, became the best work of Alexey Silych created before Tsushima.
In the fall of 1923, he was a member of the writers’ association “Kuznitsa” and was friends with A.S. Neverov, N.N. Lyashko et al.
A number of Novikov-Priboi’s works are dedicated to revolutionary processes in the village (the stories “Century Litigation”, 1918; “Tit for Tit”, 1922), but at the center of his work there are still maritime themes (the novel “Salty Font”, 1929, based on impressions from sailing on foreign merchant ships; the story "Submariners", 1923; "Jumble Voyage", 1925; "Woman at Sea", 1926; stories, including "In Otrada Bay", 1924, filmed under the title "Bay Death", 1926, directed by A.M. Room).
For success in literary activity A.S. Novikov-Priboy in 1934 was awarded by the USSR Government with a valuable gift - a GAZ-M1 passenger car.
The pinnacle of Novikov-Priboi’s work is the epic novel in the genre of strict military historical chronicle “Tsushima,” for which the writer, according to him, collected materials for about 30 years.
In 1940, Alexey Silych wrote additional chapters of Tsushima, and the historical novel was released in the version already known to everyone.
In March 1941, for the “Battle” part of the “Tsushima” dilogy, A.S. Novikov-Priboy was awarded the Stalin Prize, 2nd degree.
Vivid scenes of the heroic battle of Russian sailors are impressive against the background of the picture of disorganization of the tsarist fleet, greed and mediocrity of commanders masked by meaningless drill. One of the “record-read” works in the 1930s, this work can be considered both as a harbinger of the wave of military documentary prose that the Second World War gave rise to in domestic (and world) literature, and, more broadly, of that documentary-essay “literature fact" from different areas of the present and past, which in its own way modifies the physiological outline of the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries.
"Tsushima" is an outstanding contribution to Russian and world literature. Before the Great Patriotic War alone, it was reprinted at least seven times. “Tsushima” was translated into 8 languages of the world (and the Japanese were the first to translate it, throwing out the heroism of Russian sailors and criticism addressed to them), was quickly published in Great Britain, and reprinted several times in the USA (in the 1930s and 1940s and in 1978).
During the Great Patriotic War, Alexey Silych, at 64 years old, immediately asked to be accepted into the people's militia. Having been refused and remaining in Moscow with his family, he worked a lot, during German air raids he was on duty at the Writers' Union House on Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street. In the summer of 1941, the Sovinformburo was included in the active membership of writers and journalists working for the Victory. He spoke with essays and articles in the newspaper “Red Fleet”, magazines “Krasnoflotets”, “Red Army Man” and others. Several times he went to the front line and talked with soldiers.
In 1942, the magazine “Znamya” published the first part of his new novel “Captain of the 1st Rank”, where the main character, through his long service on the ship, connects the pre- and post-revolutionary eras of the Russian fleet. Work was underway on the second part of the novel. The writer was a member of the editorial board of the Znamya magazine, and on his initiative the House of Writers' Creativity was created in Maleevka near Moscow. His literary and life plans, however, were not destined to come true - at the beginning of 1944 the writer’s health deteriorated sharply. Novikov-Priboy died in Moscow on April 29, 1944 at the age of 67.
The legacy of the marine painter
In 1958, the play “Captain of the 1st Rank” was staged at the Sovremennik Theater.
In January 1959, a feature film of the same name was released across the country, shot by the Tallinn Film Studio (directed by A. Mandrekin, scripted by I. Krotkov, cameraman Yu. Kun).
In 1950 and 1963, the collected works of A.S. Novikov-Priboi were published again. In 1962, his previously unpublished stories “Two Songs” and “The Wedding” were published.
In February 1969, screenwriter T. Rybasova and director E. Vernik staged a radio production of the novel “The Salty Font,” in which the text of the main character was voiced by People’s Artist of the RSFSR A. A. Mironov.
In 1974, screenwriter, member of the Union of Cinematographers of the USSR B.S. Sheinin, who admired the fate and work of the writer, on his own initiative at the Tsentrnauchfilm film studio created (with director N.K. Polonskaya) the famous documentary film “The Feat of Battalion Novikov” about the idea and the writing of Tsushima.
In 2004, the Society for the Preservation of Literary Heritage published a special 5-volume collection of works by Novikov-Priboy, which included all of his works, including unpublished ones.
Several ships were named after the famous marine painter.
In his house in the village. A state museum has been opened near the town of Sasovo, and in the village. Cherkizovo, near Tarasovka station near Moscow, through the efforts of his daughter I.A. Novikova, a museum was created at the writer’s dacha.
There are exhibitions dedicated to the work of the writer in the Museum of the Russian Army in Moscow, as well as in the local history museums of Ryazan, Sasovo, etc.
A number of libraries bear his name.
The Novikov-Priboy embankment stretches along the Moscow River. In the cities of Russia (Tambov, Ryazan, Sasovo, Likino-Dulyovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Irkutsk), Ukraine (Kiev, Sevastopol, Donetsk, Dnepropetrovsk, Nikopol, Gorlovka) and others, there are streets named after him.
On July 28, 2013, a memorial plaque was solemnly unveiled on the facade of Ryazan secondary school No. 7 in memory of the arrival in our city and meeting with the Ryazan public of the author of the legendary Tsushima.
- The idea to install a memorial plaque was born in 2010, when, while working on a book about Novikov-Priboy (published in the “Life of Remarkable People” series in 2012), a note was found in the newspaper “Stalin’s Banner” dated May 29, 1940,- says local historian Arsen Valentinovich Baburin. – It was from an old Ryazan newspaper that we learned that Novikov-Priboy spoke in this building at a literary evening in 1940. The material was used in preparing the book, and then for the first time the thought flashed: “Why not install a memorial plaque...”. The history of Ryazan is rich in interesting events, connected with many outstanding people, but often we simply do not know about it.
The author of the original bronze plaque in the form of a ship's armor plate with rivets was the famous Ryazan sculptor Boris Gorbunov, who embodied subtle parallels with naval themes in his work. It is interesting that Boris Semenovich’s grandfather took part in that famous Tsushima naval battle, described in the most famous literary work of Novikov-Priboy. The memorial plaque was installed at the expense of private funds - the main sponsor was the entrepreneur from Dubna Inna Morozova, as well as Arsen Baburin. Supported by a commercial association « Sberkassa 24" and the All-Russian public and state organization "Russian Military Historical Society".
The author of the memorial plaque, sculptor Vasily Borisovich Gorbunov (right) and the initiator of the creation of the memorial plaque - local historian Arsen Valentinovich Baburin (center). Sponsors I.V. Baburina - Russian Military Historical Society and CPC “Sberkassa 24” (photo by Evrilov A.M.)Born on March 12 (March 24, new style) in the village of Matveevskoye, Spassky district, Tambov province (now Sasovsky district, Ryazan region), in a peasant family. Father Silanty Filipovich was a soldier and spent 25 years in military service. Alexey learned to read and write from a sexton, then at a parochial school.
At the age of 22 he was drafted into the army. From 1899 to 1906 - sailor of the Baltic Fleet. In 1903 he was arrested for revolutionary propaganda. As "unreliable" he was transferred to the 2nd Pacific Squadron on the battleship "Eagle". He took part in the Battle of Tsushima and was captured by the Japanese.
While in captivity, Novikov had the idea to describe his experience. He began collecting material. In the camp where he ended up, there were teams from almost all ships, and the sailors willingly shared their memories. Returning from captivity to his native village in 1906, Novikov wrote two essays about the Battle of Tsushima: “Madmen and Fruitless Victims” and “For the Sins of Others,” published under the pseudonym A. Zatyorty. The brochures were immediately banned by the government, and in 1907 Novikov was forced to go underground, as he was threatened with arrest. He fled first to Finland and then to England. During the years of emigration from 1907 to 1913, he visited France, Spain, North Africa, and sailed as a sailor on merchant ships. From 1912 to 1913, the writer lived with Maxim Gorky in Capri. In 1913, Novikov returned to Russia in connection with the amnesty dedicated to the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty.
During the First World War, from 1915 to 1918, Novikov worked in a hospital on sanitary trains of the Zemstvo Union. In the spring of 1918, Novikov was appointed head of the train sent to Barnaul to exchange textiles for bread for the Moscow Food Plant. In June of the same year, he was again sent to Barnaul with a group of writers and artists for cultural and educational work. He lived in Barnaul until 1920.
Literary activity
Novikov-Priboy’s mentor and teacher in literature was Maxim Gorky. In 1911, A. Novikov wrote one of the first major stories, “In the Dark,” in which, using facts from his biography, he described the 1905 revolution. Gorky approved the story and helped publish it in 1912 in the Sovremennik magazine. Later Novikov will say:
Having moved to London, A. Novikov continued his literary work. By the time he returned to Russia in 1913, he was the author of many works. Since 1914, Novikov has published short articles in Russian magazines, using the pseudonym Novikov-Priboy for the first time. In the same 1914, he prepared a collection of “Sea Stories”, but the book was removed from the set, and it was published only in 1917.
About his trip to Barnaul in the spring of 1918 as a train chief and in memory of Maxim Peshkov, a participant in the trip, Novikov-Priboy wrote the essay “For Bread.”
While living in Barnaul, A. S. Novikov-Priboy entered the circle of local writers. Here he wrote the works “Singers”, “Under the Southern Sky”, “Two Souls”, “The Sea is Calling”, “Fate” (autobiography), “Outside the City”. He was published in the magazine “Siberian Dawn”, the 8th issue was published under his editorship. The collection “Two Souls” and the story “The Sea is Calling” were also published in Barnaul. The Novikov-Priboy archive (RGALI) contains sketches about the events in Barnaul in 1918.
In 1927, he took part in the collective novel “Big Fires,” published in the magazine “Ogonyok.”
At the end of the 1920s, the writer began work on his main book, the historical epic Tsushima. Having gained access to archival documents, he studied extensive historical sources. In 1932, the first edition of Tsushima was published. The book became one of the best Soviet historical novels.
In 1941, A. S. Novikov-Priboy for the 2nd part of Tsushima became a laureate of the Stalin Prize of the second degree.
He also wrote stories and stories “Submariners” (1923), “Woman at Sea” (1926), “Salt Bath”, etc. During the Great Patriotic War, he wrote articles and essays about sailors in the newspaper “Red Fleet”, magazines “ Red Navy Man”, “Red Army Soldier”, etc. In 1942-1944 he published the novel “Captain of the 1st Rank” (not completed). The works have been translated into foreign languages and filmed.
Awards and prizes
- Awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and medals.
- Stalin Prize, second degree (1941); for the 2nd book of the novel “Tsushima”
Memory
- A cruise ship on the Volga, as well as streets in Nizhny Novgorod, Irkutsk, Kiev, Donetsk, Sevastopol, Ryazan, Tambov, Sasovo, Likino-Dulyovo, Nikopol, Zubovaya Polyana (Mordovia), a street in the village of Cherkizovo, an embankment in Moscow.
- In 1952 and 1977, postage stamps dedicated to A. S. Novikov-Priboy were issued in the USSR.
- In 1969, the writer’s daughter Irina Alekseevna created a private memorial museum at the writer’s dacha in Cherkizovo, which is still in operation.
- In March 1997, the A. S. Novikov-Priboi Museum was opened in the village of Matveevskoye, Sasovsky district, Ryazan region.
In philately
- Postage stamps and envelopes
USSR postage stamp, 1952
Portrait of A. S. Novikov-Priboy on a USSR postage stamp, 1977, (DFA (ITC) #4684; Scott #4553)
USSR postal envelope, 1967
USSR postal envelope, 1977
Bibliography
- "Mad Men and Fruitless Victims" (1906)
- "For Others' Sins" (1906)
- "Sea Tales" (1917)
- "For bread"
- "Singers"
- "Under the Southern Sky"
- "Two souls"
- "The sea is calling"
- "Destiny" (autobiography)
- "In the country"
- "Submariners" (1923)
- "Jumble Flight" (1925)
- "Woman at Sea" (1926)
- "Salty Font" (1933)
- "Tsushima" (1932-1935)
- "Captain 1st rank" (not finished)
- "On the Distant Shores"
